高启的心态变化与诗学思想变迁

Gao Qi's Psychological Change and the Transformation of His Poetics

高启一生主要分为三个阶段:出仕张吴时期、明初为官时期、退隐时期。出仕张吴时期,高启的心态以闲适为主,其诗歌创作带有明显的山林气息。明初为官时期,高启的心态以畏祸为主,他一方面向文坛的主旋律靠拢,写作了不少台阁之作,另一方面又用大量私人化作品表达自己的压抑与哀怨。退隐以后,高启的心态以颓废为主,既无法写出较好的台阁作品,也无法像元末那样写出较好的山林之作,最终导致了山林与台阁的双重失落。

There were three phases in Gao Qi＇s life： to fill an office in Zhang Shi-cheng＇s regime, to fill an office in early Ming Dynasty and to renounce the world. Under Zhang Shi-cheng＇s regime Gao Qi＇slife was dominantly leisurely and comfortable and his poetics was characterized by ＂mountain and forest＂（landscape poets）. When he filled an office in early Ming Dynasty his mentality was dominated with awestrickenness. So on one hand he wrote a great deal of poems featuring ＂court and politics＂ （ officialliterature） in close relation to the poetic mainstream, on the other hand he also wrote many ＂individualistic＂ poems so as to express his constriction and sorrows. When he renounced the world hismentality was dominated with ＂decadence＂. At this time neither did he write excellent poems featuring ＂court and politics＂ nor exquisite ones on ＂mountain and forest＂.