绝经后妇女体力活动水平与骨密度的关系

Physical activity and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

目的检验绝经后妇女体力活动(PA)总量及不同强度PA与骨密度(BMD)和骨盐含量(BMC)的关联。方法从广州市社区招募315名50～70岁停经妇女。通过面对面访问调查其日常PA情况及一般情况和膳食情况等相关协变量。采用双能X-光骨密度仪检测全身、腰椎(L1-L4)及左侧股骨(总股骨、股骨颈、大粗隆、股骨干和Wards区)的BMD和BMC。结果以PA能量代谢当量(MET值)进行三等分位法分组,协方差分析结果显示总体上各部位BMD和BMC随PA总量增加而呈增高的趋势。PA总量低、中、高水平组全身BMD的均值(SE)分别为(1.045±0.008),(1.043±0.008),(1.068±0.008)g/cm2,高PA组显著高于低和中PA组(P=0.049和0.028)。其他部位BMD在三组间无统计学差异意义(P>0.05)。高PA组总股骨、股骨颈、股骨干和Wards区的BMC显著高于低PA组(P=0.004～0.042)。不同强度PA对BMD影响不同,低强度PA越少、中等强度PA越多以及适量的高强度PA均增加BMD。结论较高的PA水平,尤其是增加中等强度和适量的高强度PA更有利于绝经后妇女的骨质健康。

Objective To test the association of total and physical activity（PA） intensity levels with bone mineral density（BMD） and bone mineral content（BMC） in postmenopausal women.Methods 315 postmenopausal women（50-70 y） were recruited for this cross-sectional study from community residents in Guangzhou,China.PA and related covariates including general characteristics and dietary intakes were assessed using a face-to-face interview.BMD and BMC were determined by a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry,at the whole body,lumbar spine（L1-L4）,total hip and its sub-sites.Results The participants were tertiled according to metabolic equivalent（MET） of PA.Analysis of covariance showed that greater PA tended to correlated to better BMD and BMC at various sites.Mean（S） BMDs at the whole body were（1.045±0.008）,（1.043±0.008）,（1.068±0.008）g/cm2 in the tertile I,II and III of total PA.BMD was significantly higher in the tertile III than those in the tertile I（P=0.049） and II（P=0.028）.No significant difference was observed at other sites.Mean BMC was significantly higher in the of highest total PA group than those in the other two groups at total femur,femoral neck,shaft femur and ward＇s triangle（P=0.004-0.042）.The association was differed by PA intensity levels.BMD tended to be increased with less light-intensity PA,more moderate-intensity PA and moderate vigorous-intensity PA.Conclusion Greater total PA and moderate-intensity PA,and moderate vigorous-intensity PA might improve bone mass in postmenopausal women.