生活污水中反硝化细菌的分离及其营养盐的去除性能研究

Research on the isolation of denitrifying bacteria from domestic wastewater and its capability of removing nutrient salt from eutrophic water body

目的分离、筛选去除营养盐的高效菌,并研究其生长特性和除污性能。方法采用富集培养、硅胶平板分离的方法,经过多次分离纯化,得到一纯反硝化菌株,并研究了其反硝化强度和生长规律。将分离纯化的反硝化细菌富集培养后进行除污试验,探讨其不同浓度的除污效果。结果筛选的菌株具有一定的脱氮除磷能力,反硝化强度为63.21%,通过对该菌株在培养过程中光密度的测定,进一步研究了生长规律:在2～5天,活菌数迅速提高,处于对数生长期,在5～7天,处于稳定期。利用不同投加量的反硝化细菌对生活污水进行处理,当投加量为100mg/L时,处理效果最好,总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的去除率最大可达76.2%、93.8%。结论从生活污水沉积物中分离出的反硝化菌株具有较好的脱氮除磷效果,为富营养化水体的脱氮除磷性能和相关污水的生物处理提供了微生物基础。

Objective A kind of bacteria associated with highly denitrifying capability was isolated,and investigated about its growth and degradation characteristics.Methods By using an enrichment culture and plate dilution method,one strain of bacteria was isolated from domestic wastewater and their denitrifying capability on the river water received domestic wastewater was determined.Results The isolated bacteria strain had some nitrogen and phosphorous removal ability,its denitrifying intensity was 63.2%.The efficiencies of removing TN（total nitrogen） and TP（total phosphorus）（76.2% and 93.8%,respectively） were the highest when the consortium was added at the dosing amount of 100mg/L after treatment for 10 days.Conclusions One strain of denitrifying bacteria was successfully isolated from sewage sediments;its removal capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus from eutrophic water was good,which provided a basic biological method for nitrogen and phosphorus removal associated with eutrophic sewage treatment.