男性青年体成分与军事体力作业能力相关性研究

Correlation between military physical operation capacity and body compositions in young men

目的测定不同体能战士的体成分,并探讨军事体力作业能力与体成分间的相互关系,为构建我军军事体力作业能力预测及评估模型提供依据。方法选取200名青年男性战士,根据GJB1337-92规定的方法测定5 000 m跑、引体向上、立定跳远的运动成绩和最大摄氧量(VO2max),并参照其评价标准,将受试者按体能分为差、较差、中等、良好和优秀5个组,同时利用多频生物电阻抗技术(multiple frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis,MBIA)测定各组战士的体成分,并探讨战士体成分与军事体力作业能力相关性。结果随着体能的增强,机体的体脂百分比(percentage body fat,PBF)逐渐下降,肌肉百分比(percentage body muscle,PBM)逐渐增加。其中PBM与VO2max、引体向上成绩、立定跳远成绩显著正相关(r=0.30,0.48,0.18,P<0.05),与5 000 m跑耗时显著负相关(r=-0.26,P<0.01);而PBF与VO2max、引体向上成绩、立定跳远成绩显著负相关(r=-0.30,-0.47,-0.19,P<0.05),与5 000 m跑时间显著正相关(r=0.25,P<0.05);腰臀脂肪比(waist-hip fat ratio)与VO2max、引体向上成绩显著负相关(r=-0.16,-0.17,P<0.05)。结论人体肌肉含量的增加与军事体力作业能力显著正相关,而脂肪含量的增加和腰臀脂肪比的升高与军事体力作业能力显著负相关,肌肉、体脂含量及腰臀脂肪比可作为我军军事体力作业能力预测与评估模型的重要参数因子。

Objective To provide the evidence for establishing a prediction and assessment model of military physical operation capacity by analyzing soldiers＇ s body compositions and studying the correlation between military physical operation capacity and body compositions.Methods Two hundred male soldiers were enrolled in this study.Their performance of 5 000 m run,pull-ups,standing long distance jump and VO2max was measured following the GJB1337-92 criteria.The soldiers were divided into poorest,poorer,mode-rate,good and excellent performance groups according to the criteria.Their body compositions were measured by multiple frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis（MBIA）.Correlation between their military physical operation capacity and body compositions was studied.Results The percentage of body fat（PBF） decreased while the percentage of body muscle（PBM） increased with the increasing physical performance.The PBM was positively correlated with the VO2max and performance of pull-ups and standing long distance jump（r=0.30,0.48,0.18,P0.05）and negatively with the time-consuming of 5 000 m run（r=-0.26,P0.01）.The PBF was negatively correlated with the VO2max and performance of pull-ups,standing long distance jump（r=-0.30,-0.47,-0.19,P0.05）and positively with the time-consuming of 5 000 m run（r=0.25,P0.05）.The waist-hip fat ratio was negatively correlated with the VO2max and performance of pull-ups（r=-0.16,-0.17,P0.05）.Conclusion The increase of the percentage of muscle is significantly positively correlated with the military physical operation capacity,while the increase of the percentage of fat and waist-hip fat ratio has negative relationship with military physical operation capacity.The PBM,PBF and waist-hip fat ratio can be used as important factors in prediction and assessment model of military physical operation capacity in China.