不同炮制方法炮制的何首乌的质量标准探讨

Quality standard of Polygonum by different processing methods

目的为修订何首乌质量标准积累数据。方法用偏光显微镜观察淀粉粒在何首乌炮制过程中的变化,并比较何首乌各炮制品中的蒽醌类成分、总糖、卵磷脂、二苯乙烯苷、水溶性浸出物的含量。结果采用同一种炮制方法炮制,随着蒸制次数增加,水溶性浸出物的含量不断增加,何首乌中结合蒽醌含量越来越低,游离蒽醌、总糖、卵磷脂等成分的含量在一定蒸晒次数范围内随着蒸晒次的增多而增加,二苯乙烯苷的含量随着蒸晒次数的增加而逐渐降低。以反复蒸晒7次含量最高,随后各成分的含量有所下降。结论何首乌作为补益药应用时,采用七蒸七晒炮制品较好。用偏光显微镜观察了淀粉粒在何首乌炮制过程中的变化,能有效控制何首乌炮制品的质量。

Objective To accumulate data for amending quality standard of Polygonum.Methods Changes of starch grains in Polygonum during processing were observed with polarizing microscope,and content of anthraquinones,total sugar,lecithin,stilbene glucoside and water-soluble extract in Polygonum processed with different methods were compared.Results In Polygonum processed with the same method,the more the times were steamed,the higher the content of water-soluble extract and the lower the content of combined anthraquinone.And within certain extent,the content of anthraquinone,total sugar,lecithin and other components increased with the times of steaming and basking,while the content of stilbene glucoside decreased with the times of steaming and basking.After reaching the limit of seven times,the content of all the components started to drop with more steaming and basking.Conclusion When used as a tonic medicine,the best processing method of Polygonum is seven times steaming plus seven times basking.Observing the change of starch grains with a polarizing microscope during the processing of Polygonum can effectively control the quality of processed Polygonum.