士的“诗意栖居”——李退溪诗中的士精神

Confucian Intellectual's “Poetic Quality Dwelling”——The Confucian Intellectual Spirit in Li Toe-gye's Doems

采用德国哲学家马丁·海德格尔的诗学思想、实则也是哲学思想来研究李退溪的诗作,同时又利用李退溪诗作和儒家思想来理解和诠释海德格尔的哲学,由二者的双向互释来理解李退溪诗作中的士的精神。海德格尔的"存在"乃是儒家的"生生"、"天地之心"。李退溪以其自觉的归隐实现了本真的存在状态,他的诗作表明,他把握了这个"生生",从而通达了"存在",获得一种与物同体的快乐。这种快乐也包含兼济天下的情怀。由通达存在,士获得了一种影响世人的存在的力量;而海德格尔的通达存在则谈不上是一种快乐,甚至是一种枯寂。

This paper makes use of Martin Heidegger＇ s thoughts of Dichtung and his philosophical thoughts to study Korean Confucian philosopher Li Toe - gye＇ s poems, and makes use of Li Toe - gye＇ s poems and Confucian- ism to understand Heidegger＇ s philosophy, so as to show the spirit of intellectuals in Li Toe - gye＇ s poems. In my opinion, Heidegger＇ s Existence （Sein） is what is called ＂Production and Reproduction＂ and ＂the Heart of Heaven and Earth＂ in Confucian philosophy. Li Toe - gye has, by conscious retirement from his contemporary world, realized his true existence ; his poems have showed his apprehension of the ＂production and reproduction＂ and understanding of the Existence （Sein） and his acquirements of such kind of joyfulness as forming one body with myriad things ,a joy that also contains such aspiration as to assist the world. By understanding the Existence, Confucian intellectuals have obtained a power of exerting influence on others. On the contrary, Heidegger＇ s understanding of the Existence can＇ t be said of a kind of joyfulness, rather a kind of lonely that lacks any vitality.