伦理边界、自我伦理学与审美狂喜——纳博科夫小说中的后现代伦理问题

Ethical Boundary,Self-Ethics and Aesthetic Bliss——Ethical Problem of Post-Modernity in Nabokov's Works

美国作家纳博科夫在《洛丽塔》和《阿达》等作品中提供了新的乱伦书写的文学经验,跨越了传统的伦理边界。纳博科夫的这种书写呼应后现代伦理思想。在反思和批判现代性的基础上,后现代自我伦理学一方面强调了个人所具有的道德自由感,摒除了现代性的秩序和规范对于人的约束和束缚,另一方面又最终把道德的个人化引向了"审美化"的方向。纳博科夫提出的"审美狂喜"可以从身体美学和文学的游戏精神两个方面来进行理解,这种审美狂喜是后现代自我伦理学的表现方式,以便证明人性的自由和复杂。

Nabokov, an American writer, offers some new literary reading experience in his works of Lolita and Ada by writing the incestuous relation which is so anti - traditional and crossing the boundary of ethics. Nabokov＇ s doing belongs to the post - modern trend of ethics thought. On the basis of analyzing and criticizing the moderni- ty, post- modern self- ethics emphasizes the freedom of personal morality and protects people from the constraint and restriction of modernity. At the same time, in the post - modern self - ethics theory, the aesthetic bliss is just a way of morality＇ s personalization. In Nabokov＇ s novels, aesthetic bliss, including body - aesthetics and literary game spirit,just is an expressive form of the post - modern self - ethics which showed the freedom and complexity of humanity.