土壤重金属空间分异及迁移研究进展与展望

Progress and Prospect of Soil Heavy Metal Spatial Differentiation and Migration

回顾了土壤重金属污染的空间分异及迁移的相关研究,提出了基于GIS空间分布特性的土壤重金属污染途径分类方法,并系统总结了土壤重金属污染的空间分异及迁移规律。探讨了土壤重金属污染空间分布与迁移研究的发展趋势与关键问题,为进一步有效开展相关研究奠定了理论基础。

This paper presents a review of researches on soil heavy metal spatial differentiation and migration.Firstly,different ways of soil heavy metal contamination were summarized.Based on the spatial feature,ways of soil heavy metal contamination were classification into point sources,linear sources and area sources.Secondly,spatial differentiation of soil heavy metal contamination was discussed in horizontal and vertical directions.In horizontal direction,spatial differentiation of soil heavy metal contamination is mainly influenced by the history and intensity of human activities,LUCC,the distance from the pollutions,etc.Spatial differentiation of soil heavy metal contamination usually shows a lowering trend in vertical direction while it shows an opposite trend occasionally depending on different sites or special heavy metal.Thirdly,researches on soil heavy metal migration in horizontal and vertical directions were summarized.It is found that there are few researches on soil heavy metal migration caused by water and atmosphere above ground surface.Finally,the concerned issues and prospects of soil heavy metal spatial differentiation and migration were discussed.