无创机械通气治疗呼吸衰竭的研究进展

Progress of non-invasive ventilation in respiratory failure

呼吸衰竭是临床常见综合征,单纯常规药物治疗作用十分有限。随着对呼吸生理认识的不断深入、无创呼吸机的飞速发展和无创机械通气(NIV)应用指征的逐渐扩大,NIV已被广泛应用于多种类型呼吸衰竭的治疗。研究发现NIV对改善呼吸生理学、降低气管插管率、降低住院病死率、避免气管插管有创机械通气(IMV)并发症等有一定效果。该文就近年来NIV治疗呼吸衰竭的研究进展进行综述。

Respiratory failure is a common clinical syndrome, the effect of sole conventional drugs therapy is very limited. With the growing understanding of respiratory physiology, the great improvement of non-invasive ventilator and gradual extending indications of non-invasive ventilation （NIV）, NIV has been widely used in the different respiratory failure. Many studies have revealed its effects on respiratory failure ： improved the respiratory physiology, reduced the rate of endotracheal intubation, lowered hospital mortality and decreased complications of invasive mechanical ventilation（IMV）. The progress of NIV in respiratory failure in recent years is reviewed.