δ-阿片受体抑制阿片诱发痛觉过敏的研究进展

The role of δ-opioid receptor in the inhibition of opioid induced hyperalgesia

背景阿片类药物是治疗中、重度疼痛的主要药物，长时间应用可出现阿片诱发的痛觉过敏和耐受，而增加药物剂量可造成更严重的痛觉过敏和耐受，从而形成恶性循环，很大程度上限制了阿片类药物在临床工作中的应用。目的通过对近年δ-阿片受体在痛觉过敏中所起作用的研究进行总结，帮助读者了解国外相关研究的最新趋势和进展。内容就δ-阿片受体的结构、分布、生理功能和δ-阿片受体的抗痛觉过敏作用的研究进展进行综述。得出如下结论，通过抑制δ-阿片受体磷酸化、敲除δ-阿片受体编码基因和应用8啊片受体拮抗剂等方法，可抑制痛觉过敏和耐受的形成。趋向随着越来越多的学者对δ-阿片受体抑制痛觉过敏的作用达成共识，δ-阿片受体有望成为临床疼痛治疗的新靶点。

Background Opioids are the most powerful analgesics for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Although opioids have analgesic effect, they have many side effects at the same time. Long term opioids exposure can induce hyperalgesia and tolerance. Moreover, increasing the dose of opioids, paradoxically, aggravates the hyperalgesia and tolerance, causing a vicious cycle. The use of opioids, therefore, is largely limited in the clinical setting. Objective The relevant literatures involved in the role of δ-opioid receptors in the attenuation of opioid induced hyperalgesia （OIH） in recent years were summarized, which helps readership to update the latest information about this topic. Content The structure, distribution, physiological function and the progress of antihyperalgesic effect of δ-opioid receptors were reviewed in this article. Those researches suggest that OIH and tolerance can be attenuated by the inhibition of δ-opioid receptor phosphorylation, knocking out δ-opioid receptor coding genes and the application of δ-opioid receptor antagonists. Trend Since the antihyperalgesia effect of δ-opioid receptor is widely acknowledged, δ- opioid receptor may become a new target to relieve pain in the clinical setting.