高层住宅建筑体型系数对其中庭通风的影响

Influence of High-rise Residential Building Shape Coefficient on Ventilation Characteristics of the Atrium

采用基于三维、RNG k-ε湍流模型的CFD方法,模拟了具有中庭的高层住宅建筑模型在风压和热压共同作用下的通风特性.并在低速风洞中进行了实验测量,验证了本数值模拟方法的可行性.针对4种不同体型系数下的高层住宅建筑,分析了在相同的建筑面积、外风场流速、建筑内发热量、中庭尺寸及相同的吹风角度条件下,中庭空间的自然通风特性及邻室房间的通风效果.结果表明,中庭式高层住宅建筑外体型系数越大,越有利于自然通风,为城市高层住宅建筑节能与人居环境的优化设计提供了理论依据.

Based on the three-dimensional and the RNGk-ε turbulence model, the computational fluid dynamics （CFD） was conducted under the combined effect of wind force and thermal buoyancy, to study the airflow characteristics and the temperature distribution of the atrium in a high-rise residential building model. Model experiment was also tested in a low-speed wind tunnel, and the data obtained from the model experiment were compared with that from CFD simulation. Finally, the airflow characteristics and the ventilation effect of the atriums that are located in the high-rise residential buildings with different shape coefficients were analyzed. Results indicate that high-rise residential building shape coefficient has significant influence on the ventilation characteristics, and the suitable shape coefficient is helpful for natural ventilation. The conclusions provide a theory foundation for how to use the ventilation of atrium better in high-rise residential building.