玉米人工合成群体配合力效应及遗传潜势研究

The Research on combining Ability Effection and Genetic Potential of Maize Synthesized Population

选用６个自交系为测验种，采用ＮＣＩＩ遗传交配设计，对以我国西南地区优良玉米地方种质 巫溪１４，兰花早和北美，热、亚热带种质为主体的人工合成群体ＬＢＭ、ＷＢＭ、ＬＬＳ、ＷＬＳ和两个美国 优良群体ＢＳＳＳＲ、ＢＳ１６等６个群体的配合力效应及遗传潜势进行了系统评估。两年两地（武汉、安阳） 的研究结果表明：ＬＢＭ、ＷＢＭ、ＷＬＳ群体的单株产量ＧＣＡ高于ＢＳＳＳＲ和ＢＳ１６；参试的３６个组合中 高产组合主要集中在以ＷＢＭ、ＷＬＳ、ＬＢＭ为亲本之一的组合中，其中以ＷＢＭ × ＨＺ８５产量最高；根 据ＳＣＡ效应及产量表现，确定了若干杂种优势配对模式；杂种优势类群的划分存在明显的交叉，表明 人工合成群体遗传变异丰富、遗传基础复杂，具有较好的轮回选择及组配优势组合的遗传潜势。

The North Carolina Ⅱ (NCII) mating design was used to evaluate the genetic base of 13 quantitative traits in six corn synthesized populations included BSSSR and BS16 (U. S. A), four Co corn populations of WLS. WBM. LBM. LLS (Huazhong Agricultural University)and six inbreds. The results of field data at both Anyang (Henan province)Wuhan (Hubei Province) two locations for two years showed that genetic variance and variance of combining ability on 13 quantitative characters were significantly difference among all of materials. The results of GCA showed that GCA was different among population of same character, such as GCA of per ear grain yield of LBM is hightest; the results of SCA suggested that effects of SCA and means of characters were very different between crosses. The higher effects and means value were included in crosses of LBM, WBM. and WLS. Heterosis models and groups were discussed according to SCA and means of per grain weight. One synthesized population and different plasmgerm inbreds can form different heterosis models. It is showed that populations contain several types plasmgerm and plentful genetic variation. The rich genetic potential for recurrent selection also was analysed from yield data of per ear grain weight.