大果白刺雄性不育系的细胞学研究

Cytological Studies on Male Sterile Lines of Nitraria roborowskii Kom.

利用石蜡切片法对大果白刺花药进行细胞学研究,探讨雄性不育系发生败育的时期和方式以及雄性败育与药壁组织间的关系。结果表明:不育系小孢子母细胞形成前期,花药各部分结构发育正常。随着绒毡层的异常解体,多种异常现象相继出现,包括小孢子母细胞液泡化,中层、药室内壁、药隔细胞液泡化,细胞畸形,药壁细胞非正常解体等。退化后整个花药萎缩干瘪,不能开裂,无花粉。因此,大果白刺雄性不育系的绒毡层生理异常并提前退化是导致雄性不育的主要原因。

Anther structure of Nitraria roborowskii Kom. male sterile line was carried out by paraffin sec- tioning. When and how the abortion in the male sterility line happened was probed as well as the relation- ship between the male abortion and the anther wall. The results indicated that the development of anther is normal in early stage when the abortive mierosporocyte took shape. With the ahnormal collapse of the tape- turn, many kinds of abnormal phenomena turn up,including microsporocytes, middle layers, endothecia and connectivum cells vacuolization, malformation, abnormal breakup of anther wall, etc. After those, the whole anther withered,withuot crack and no pollen. In summary, the physiologically abnormal tapetum and its early degeneration is the main reason for male sterility in N roborowskii Kom