新疆超高产棉花群体质量指标研究

Studies on population quality index of super high-yield cotton in Xinjiang

在南疆自然生态条件下，2008～2009年对不同产量水平棉花主要群体质量指标研究，阐明超高产棉花不同生育阶段群体质量指标特征及对产量形成的影响，为新疆超高产棉花大面积栽培提供理论依据。结果表明：与高产和中低产棉花相比，超高产棉花开花前株高、现蕾速率增长较快，至开花期超高产棉花株高达到55cm；现蕾期叶龄每增加1龄现蕾2．5～3个；超高产棉花现蕾期至开花期LAI增长较快，盛花期达到峰值4．5，且同一时期Pn保持较高水平，达到35μmol／（m^2·s），吐絮期下降速度比高产和中低产棉花缓慢，延长了叶片功能期，后期保持较大的光合有效面积，同时超高产棉花叶面积载铃量显著高于高产、中低产棉花，而叶面积载果节量为91个／m^2，其偏高或偏低都不利于实现超高产。

Study was made on population quality south Xinjiang in 2008 ~ 2009 to exposund the effects area planting of super high-yield cotton in Xinjiang indice of super high-yield cotton（lint yield over 3 000 kg/hm2） in of them on yield component factors and to provide theory for largeThe main results were as follows： Compared with high yield and middle-low yield cotton, the increase of plant height and bud forming of super high-yield cotton was fast before flowering stage and the plant height reached 55 cm in flowering stage; in boll forming stage, 2.5 - 3 boll formed with the increase of each leaf; the LAI grew faster and reach 4.5 in flower peaking stage, and the leaf Pn maintained in a higher level and reached 35 ttmol/（m2＂ s） in the same period, while they decreased more slowly in the begining of boll opening stage, prolonging the leaf functioning period and keeping a larger area for effective photosynthesis in the later stages; the boll load of unit leaf area was significantly higher, reaching 91 bolls/m2.