10种农用保水剂基本性能的比较研究

Comparative study on fundamental properties of ten kinds of super absorbent polymers

为了比较目前市场上各类保水剂的基本性能,为保水剂应用提供参考,文章比较分析了国内外10种农用保水剂在纯水中的吸水倍数、吸水速率、保水性能、反复吸水性,以及两种类别的保水剂在不同肥料溶液中的吸水性能。结果表明:所有保水剂在纯水中都有较高的吸水倍数;吸水速率方面,BY,S1,S2,S3和JF都能较快地吸水;在35℃加热蒸发条件下,HJ,BY,WT,FB,S2的保水能力好于其他保水剂;经过6次反复吸水—烘干后,WT,FB,S2和JD的吸水倍率仍可达到初始值的63.4%、75.7%、51.5%和66.6%;试验所用三种肥料溶液对保水剂吸水性能都有明显影响,受影响程度聚丙烯酸—无机矿物型保水剂大于聚丙烯酰胺—无机矿物型保水剂,且NKP复合肥的影响大于有机肥。

In order to understand the basic property of different kinds of super absorbent polymers （SAP） in market presently so that to provide reference for the practice application, water absorbent capacity, water absorption rate, water retention capacity and times of re-absorbency of 10 kinds of SAPs from domestic and overseas, and water absorbing properties in fertilizer solution of two kinds of them were tested. The results indicated that all kinds of SAPs have high water absorption capacity in distilled water, while the water absorption rate of BY, S1, $2, $3 and JF is faster than that of others. Under 35 ~C heated evaporation condition, the water retention capacity of HJ, BY, WT, FB and $2 is better than that of others. After 6 times of recurrent absorbency-drying, the water absorbent of WT, FB, $2 and JD still reaches 63.4%, 75.7%, 51.5% and 66.6% of their original water absorption capacity, respectively. Three kinds of fertilizer solution in the experiment all have a significant impact on SAP water absorbing properties, and the influence on polyacrylic-inorganic mineral polymer is stronger than polyacrylamide-inorganic mineral polymer, and the influence of NKP compound fertilizer is stronger than that of organic fertilizer.