工作记忆内容对无意视盲的改善作用

The Contents of Working Memory to Improve Inattentional Blindness

无意视盲是注意捕获失败的一种现象。研究发现:工作记忆内容对视觉注意的引导可以影响视觉注意的捕获。本研究以此为基础探讨了工作记忆内容能否影响无意视盲。本研究采用了静态无意视盲典型范式,通过两个实验分别探讨了工作记忆对无意视盲的引导作用以及在不同知觉负荷下引导作用的自动性,进而研究工作记忆内容对无意视盲的改善作用。实验1结果表明,当非期望刺激与工作记忆内容属于同一类别时,对非期望刺激的觉察率显著高于当非期望刺激与工作记忆内容不属于同一类别的情况,说明在纯语义的水平上工作记忆内容可以引导视觉注意捕获,进而改善无意视盲。实验2发现,当知觉负荷由低到高变化时,非期望刺激与工作记忆内容同类属时,觉察率无显著变化,说明工作记忆内容对无意视盲引导不受知觉负荷的调节,是一种自动化的过程。

Inattentional blindness is described as the failure to capture a salient stimulus when attention is directed away from that stimulus. Some researchers proposed that visual attention capture depended on the guidance from the content of working memory. In the present study, we used the explicit visual attentional capture program to examine inattention blindness from the guidance of the content of working memory and whether it is automatic. Experiment 1 showed that when the unexpected stimulus matched the content of working memory, and got a significantly perceived lever, the contents of working memory could guide inattentional blindness on a purely semanticlevel. Experiment 2 showed that when the unexpected stimulus did not match the content of working memory and got significantly perceived lever between the high perceptual load and low perceptual load, the contents of working memory didnt depend on perceptual load, and it was a relatively automa- ted information process, suggesting that inattentional blindness from the contents of working memory＇s guidance is in the early capture stage of visual attention.