关于我国农业生产培育中等农民的思考

On the Cultivation of Medium Farmers in China

首先提出了中等农民的概念,即中等农民是拥有数倍于目前家庭承包下的耕地面积,主体是中年壮年农民,主要依靠家庭劳动力,采用机械化生产,能够获得与外出非农就业相近、可以维持家庭生活支出的收入和适度规模家庭经营的农民。有别于家庭承包制下的小规模经营农民(小农)和粮食大户(农业资本家)。阐述了中等农民是中国人多地少的国情决定的,是农业生产需要决定的,是实现适度规模经营的现实途径。借鉴国外经验,最后提出了在我国培育发展中等农民的途径。

The paper first defines medium farmers as the farmers who have more farmland acreage than the household contract and rely on family labours and agricultural machinery with the same income as non-agricultural employee to maintain family living expenses.They are different from smallholders or agricultural capitalists.Then, it points out the medium farmers are decided by both Chinese national conditions of large population with less land and agricultural production needs, it is also a realistic way to achieve scale management.Finally, it puts forward the measures of cultivating the medium farmers in China.