隋唐以来中朝朝贡制度的演变

The Evolution and Institutionalization of the Sino-Korean Suzerain-vassal Relations since the Sui Dynasty

在东亚朝贡体系中,中国和朝鲜的关系是宗藩关系在国家间关系层面的外化,在朝贡体系中最具代表性。从历史的纵向看,中朝朝贡制度的发展经历了隋唐时期的确立,宋辽金时期外溢,元、明、清(中期前)的发展完善和清朝中后期的逐步瓦解等阶段。在朝贡体系中,宗主国注重的是礼仪性,藩属国看重的是物质利益及其他的具体利益。中国强大的硬实力和软实力是这一体系存在和发展的基础。吸取朝贡体制的积极历史遗产有助于处理好当今国家间关系,促进地区和世界的和平与发展。

In the Tributary system,the Sino-Korean Tributary relations are the externalization of Suzerain-Vassal relationship at an international level.Since its establishment in the Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty,the bilateral relations and its institutionalization had experienced subsequent changes such as formalization,improvement and collapse.Each period has its characteristics.As a suzerain,China＇s aim was the ideological respect and recognition of its authority from the vassal,Korea.And Korea was submitted to China for the benefit of security,politics and material benefit.China＇s dominant strength,mainly its soft powers was the basis on which the bilateral relations relied.The application of the heritage of the system such recognition of culture and value,equality of bilateral relations,etc,will help promote peace and development at regional and global levels.