论电子证据的种类归属

Research on the Categorization of Electronic Evidence

电子证据的种类归属问题,一直颇受我国学界关注。2011年出台的刑事诉讼法修订草案和民事诉讼法修订草案将电子数据列为证据的一种,契合了时代发展,但对证据种类的规定,仍有不甚合理之处。学界对电子证据的证据种类归属见仁见智,但是目前学者们所持的视听资料说、书证说、物证说、混合说、独立说,均带有一定的片面性。以电子证据取代视听资料,成为一种独立的证据形式,是与科技发展的趋势相一致的,也对电子证据的收集和保全有重要意义。

The categorization of electronic evidence has always been paid attention to by the national academia.The electronic data is listed as one of evidence in the drafts of the amendment to the civil procedural law and the amendment to the criminal procedural law which published in 2011 that follows the times,but the categorization is still unreasonable.The academia has varieties of theories like ＂audio-visual material＂ theory,＂documentary evidence＂ theory,＂material evidence＂ theory,＂comprehensiveness＂ theory and ＂independent evidence＂ theory,but none of them is perfect.The electronic evidence,as independent evidence,replaces audio-visual material that will be in accordance to the development of the science and technology and also be significant to the preservation and collection of electronic evidence.