少数民族与汉族注射吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析

Analysis of monitoring data of AIDS sentinel points among IDUs of ethnic minorities and the Han nationality

目的对比分析少数民族和汉族注射吸毒人群(IDUs)艾滋病监测结果,为综合干预提供依据。方法利用2009年和2010年攀枝花市艾滋病哨点监测资料,将IDUs按照"民族"分为汉族和少数民族,并对其艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染状况及相关行为进行分析。结果少数民族IDUs HIV感染率为25.8%(39/151),显著地高于汉族IDUs的8.7%(62/714)。相对于汉族IDUs,少数民族IDUs艾滋病知识知晓比例低(77.5%),共用针具比例高(40.4%),文化程度低(文盲和小学文化占79.5%),流动性大(外省户籍占25.8%),接受预防艾滋病服务比例低(最近一年接受社区药物维持治疗/清洁针具交换服务比例为37.7%、接受同伴教育比例为11.3%)。结论在扩大IDUs综合干预服务的基础上,应重点对少数民族IDUs采取教育、扶贫、艾滋病民族特色干预等综合措施。

Objective To provide basis for the comprehensive intervention by comparing and analyzing the sur veillance data of IDUs of ethnic minorities and the Han nationality. Methods HIV infections among ethnic and Han IDUS and their related behaviors were analyzed by utilizing the monitoring data of AIDs sentinel points from 2009 to 2010. Results The percentage of ethnic IDUs infected with HIV （25.8） was significantly higher than that of Han IDUs（ 7. 8%）. As compared with Han IDUs, the HIV-related knowledge among ethnic IDUs was low（77.5%）, the rate of needle sharing was high（25.8%）, and their educational background was lower （79.5% of them were illiterate or below primary schooling） ; many of them were floating people （25.8%） moving from other provinces; the proportion of receiving HIV prevention services was low in the last year, ＂37.7~ of them received needle ex- change program services and community-based methadone maintenance treatment, and 11.3 % received peer education. Conclusion On the basis of expanding comprehensive prevention service among IDUs, we should focus on the comprehensive interventions targeting ethnic IDUs, including public education,poverty reduction according to their characteristics.