内源性硫化氢在中枢神经系统中的作用研究进展

The Current Study of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide(H2S) and Its Role in Central Nervous System

硫化氢是继NO和CO之后发现的又一种新的气体信号分子,其被认为是一种神经递质,在中枢神经系统中起着重要的作用。内源性H2S主要由胱硫醚-β合酶(CBS)和胱硫醚γ-裂解酶(CSE)合成,其不仅可以直接作用于中枢神经系统发挥作用,还能通过抗氧化、调节神经内分泌及脑血管功能,进而间接影响中枢神经系统功能,具有广泛的生理作用。近年来,越来越多的研究发现内源性H2S在AD、热惊厥、PD、脑卒中、缺血再灌注脑损伤及遗传性疾病脑损害等神经系统疾病的发病过程中也起着重要作用。本文简要介绍H2S的生化和生理特点,并总结其在中枢神经系统中作用的进展。

Hydrogen sulfide （H2S）, a newly discovered gaseous signal molecular alongside with nitric oxide （NO） and carbon oxide （CO）, is now recognized as a neurotransmitter and plays an important role in central nervous system. The production of endogenou- s H2S from L-cysteine is catalysed primarily by two enzymes, cystathionine-β-synthase （CBS） or cystathionine-y-lyase （CSE）. H2S has various physiological fimctions on central nervous system, not only can it act on it directly, but also exert significant effects indirectly through anti-oxidation, modulating neuroendocrine and cerebral vascular function. Recently, evidences have been accumulated to demonstrate that endogenous H2S has also been involved in the regulation of the pathogenesis of some nervous system disease, including Alzheimer disease, febrile seizures, Parkinson＇s disease, cerebral stroke, ischemia-reperfusion injury and the brain damage of hereditary disease. This article overviews the biochemistry and physiology of H2S, summarizes its role in central nervous disease and outlines the potential options for the therapeutic exploitation of H2S.