不同体位麻黄碱滴鼻预防高压氧治疗所致中耳气压伤的临床研究

Effect of administrating ephedrine nasal drops in two different positions before hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the prevention of middle ear barotraumas

目的比较平卧位头后仰侧转45°和平卧位头后仰麻黄碱滴鼻对预防中耳气压伤的作用,寻找麻黄碱滴鼻的最佳体位。方法选择首次行高压氧治疗患者300例,分为观察组和对照组,每组150例,两组患者同舱治疗,第1、2、3天进舱前予麻黄碱滴鼻,观察组采用平卧位头后仰侧转45°体位,对照组采用头后仰平卧位滴麻黄碱,出舱后问诊耳部症状、检查鼓膜,进行比较。结果观察组中耳气压伤发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义。结论高压氧治疗前采取平卧位头后仰侧转45°体位麻黄碱滴鼻利于中耳气压伤的预防。

Objective To compare the effects of two different positions for administrating ephedrine nasal drops before hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the prevention of middle ear barotraumas.Methods Totally 300 patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the first time were divided into two groups,150 cases for each.Ephedrine nasal drops were administrated at the 1st,2nd and 3rd day before hyperbaric oxygen therapy.The patients in the experimental group laid in supine position with the head turned 45 degrees to one side and extend backward,and those in the control group were in supine position with head extend backward only,when they were given nasal drops.The incidence rate of middle ear barotraumas was compared between the two groups.Results The incidence rate of middle ear barotraumas in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group（P0.05）.Conclusion Administrating ephedrine nasal drops in lateral position of 45° with head leaning back before hyperbaric oxygen therapy can reduce the incidence of middle ear barotraumas.