精神分裂症患者自我面孔识别与共情的相关性

The ability of self-face recognition and its relation to the empathy in patients with schizophrenia

目的探讨精神分裂症患者自我面孔识别能力及其与共情能力的关系。方法采用自我面孔识别任务（SFRT）对62例精神分裂症患者进行测试，与54例健康对照者作比较，同时作人际反应指针量表（IRI-C）评估。结果患者组SFRT平均反应时[（2188±1138）ms]长于对照组[（1152±326）ms，P〈0．01]，正确率[（804-16）％]低于对照组[（88±6）％，P〈0．01]。患者组IRI-C总分、胛分、FS分、EC因子分[分别为（44．82±10．50）分，（8．98±3．56）分，（11．87±4．38）分，（14．73±4．00）分]均低于对照组[分别为（49．85±10．28）分，（10．78±3．86）分，（14．98±6．12）分，（17．39±4．56）分]，PD因子分[（9．37±5．12）分]高于对照组[（6．52±3．89）分]，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05-0．01）。患者组SFRT正确率与IRI-C的FS因子分呈正相关（r=0．322，P〈0．05）．平均反应时与PD因子分呈正相关（r=0．303，P〈0．05）；对照组SFRT正确率与IRI-C的FS因子分呈正相关（r=0．360，P〈0．01）。结论精神分裂症患者存在自我面孔识别及共情能力的缺损，自我面孔识别能力与共情能力问存在某种关联。

Objective To explore the self-face recognition and its relationship to empathy in patients with schizophrenia. Methods Sixtytwo schizophrenic patients and fiftyfour heahhy subjects were assessed with the self-face recognition task（SFRT） and the interpersonal reactivity index-C （IRI-C）. Results The SFRT reaction time in the patients group（ （2188± 1138） ms） was significantly longer than that in the control group （（ 1152 ± 326 ） ms） （P 〈 0.01 ） ;the accuracy in the patients group （ （80 ± 16） % ） was significantly lower than that in the control group （ （88 ±6） % ） （P〈0.01）. The IRI-C total scores , the subscores in perspective taking, the subscores in fantasy and empathic concern of IRI-C were significantly lower in the patients group（ respectively（44.82 ±10.50）, （ 8.98± 3.56）, （ 11.87 ± 4.38 ）, （ 14.73±4.00 ） ） than those in the control group （ respectively （49.85 ±10.28） , （ 10.78 ± 3.86）, （ 14.98 ±6.12）, （ 17.39 ± 4.56） ） ; the subscorc in personal distress of IRI-C in the patients group（9.37±5.12） was significantly higher than those in the control group（6.52 ±3.89） （ P〈 0.01 ）. There was significant positive correlation between the accuracy for self-face recognition in SFRT and the subscore in fantasy of IRI-C（ r= 0.322, P〈 0.05 ）, the reaction time of SFRT had significantly positive correlation with the subscore in personal distress. Conclusion Schizophren patients have general impairments of self-face recognition and empathic abilities, and the self-face recognition is related to the empathic abilities.