不同骨质疏松性骨折风险社区老年人健康行为研究

A health behaviors research about the community-dwelling older people with different risk of osteoporotic fractures

目的了解不同骨质疏松性骨折风险社区老年人的健康行为。方法采用骨质疏松性骨折风险预测简易工具（FRAX），以分层抽样方法，对石河子市3个社区450名60岁及以上的老年人进行人户一对一问卷调查。结果骨折高低风险人群健康行为得分经统计学检验，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。社区高风险骨质疏松性骨折老年人行为平均得分为（30．59±4．67）分，得分率为56．6％；得分33分及以上者86人，及格率仅为37．2％。低风险骨质疏松性骨折老年人健康行为平均得分为（32．01±4．49）分，得分率为59．3％；得分33分及以上者102人，及格率为46．6％。单因素分析显示，文化程度是影响低风险骨质疏松性骨折老年人健康行为的主要因素；多元线性逐步回归分析显示，性别及月收入是影响高风险骨质疏松性骨折老年人健康行为的主要因素。结论重点加强高风险骨折群体中低收入者、男性群体及低风险骨折群体中教育程度低的老年人健康行为干预力度。

Objective To find out a health behaviors about the community-dwelling older people with dif- ferent risk of osteoporotic fractures, and to provide the interventions basis for high risk population. Methods By fracture risk assessment tool（FRAX）. Stratified sampling method was used. Data were collected by face-to-face in- terviews with questionnaires in 450 people aged 60 years and over who come from the three communities. Results By the statistical test, the scores of behavior between high and low risk older people had statistical significance（P 〈 0.01 ）. The scores of high risk of osteoporotic fractures behavior in older people were 30.59 ± 4.67, which rate was 56.6%. There were 86 people who scored 33 and over, pass rate was only 37.2% ; The behavior scores of low risk of osteoporotie fractures older people were 32.01 ＋ 4.49, which rate was 59.3%. There were 102 people who scored 33 and over, pass rate was only 46.6%. The one way ANOVA found that theeducation level were main factors for low risk of osteoporotic fractures elderly people in prevention behavior. By the multiple liner stepwise regression, gender and monthly income were main factors for high risk of osteoporotic fractures elderly people in prevention behavior. Conclusion Focus on those older people who have the low-income, male group in high risk of osteoporotic fractures to improving health behavior intervention, which include those in low risk of os- teoporotic fractures but have low level of education.