明清时期南方麻风病的隔离与治疗

Isolation and Treatment of Leprosy in South During Ming and Qing Dynasties

文章主要从病因、症状、隔离以及治疗方法等几个方面,分析史料笔记中所记载的麻风病状况。认为麻风病的起因有两方面,一是感染湿热之毒,二是传染所致。其症状亦分两类,湿类麻风病带有麻风病的典型症状,干类麻风病初起无症状,妇女反倒会更加光彩动人。在明清时期,南方已建立了官立麻风院,用于对麻风病人进行隔离,此外,病人家属亦主动将其远放于海上,不与人接触。治疗上主要在于三方面:一是药物治疗,如乌梢蛇用以疗麻风;二是妇女麻风病的特殊疗法"过癞";三是其他一些特殊疗法,如佩圭愈麻风,墓地树根煎水疗麻风等等。文章认为史料笔记的记载,有其独特的价值,对当代中国麻风病的防治工作,有裨益之处。

This article mainly analyzes the etiology, symptoms, isolation and treatment methods about leprosy. It is concluded that there are two causes of leprosy, one is infected by damp and hot, the other one is caused by infection. The symptoms are divided into two kinds. The wet kind leprosy with typical symptom of leprosy, and the dry kind with no sumptoms at the beginning, women will be more charming. During Ming and qing dynasties, there were leprosy courtyard set up by the officers. In addition, the patients＇ families also put the patient far away from other people. There are three treatment methods：one is the drug therapy, such as snake ; the second one is Guolai, women＇s special therapy ; the third one is some other special therapies, such as wearing jade, cook the roots in the grave, etc. And we also think that historical record has its unique value, and can fill the lack of medical research. It is also important for the contemporary leprosy prevention.