云台山世界地质公园瀑布成因分类研究

Genetic Classification of Waterfalls in Yuntai Mountain World Geopark

地貌的分类是地貌学研究的重要内容之一,成因分类又是地貌形态分类的基础。瀑布既是一种非常重要的造景地貌,又是地质公园重要的地质遗迹及旅游资源,因此,对瀑布进行系统的成因分类学研究,对提升瀑布的科学价值及旅游价值均具有非常重要的意义。云台山世界地质公园是我国第一批世界地质公园,园区分布有规模不等、形态各异、成因多样的瀑布及瀑布群,为瀑布成因分类研究提供了极好的素材。通过详细的野外地质调查,根据瀑布发育的构造条件、岩性差异、水动力条件、岩溶及人工作用等方面,将瀑布按成因划分为岩槛型、裂点型、断裂型、溶蚀型、钙华型和人工型等6类。本研究提升了云台山瀑布研究的科学价值,同时也为瀑布的分类学提供了参考方案。

The classification of physiognomy is an important part of geomorphology, and genetic classification is the basis for the classification of landforms. The research on the classification of waterfalls can increase the scientific and tourism value, as the waterfalls are not only very significant landscapes but also important geological heritages and tourism resources in geoparks. Wterfalls and waterfall groups of different sizes, types and geneses are distributed in Yuntai Mountain World Geopark, which provide good materials for the study of genetic classification of waterfalls. This paper has summarized the genetic classification and characteristics of waterfalls through field geological investigation in the Yuntai Mountain World Geopark. According to tectonic activities, lithologic conditions, dynamic action, karst deposits and the influence of human activities on the development of Yuntai Mountain World Geopark, the waterfalls can be classified into threshold waterfalls, knick-point waterfalls, faulted waterfalls, karst corrosion waterfalls, tufa waterfalls and artificial waterfalls. The results not only provide scientific evidence for improving the potential value of waterfalls in geo-tourism but also play a reference role in the study of waterfall classification.