摘要
小胶质细胞是视网膜组织中来源于髓系祖细胞并具有免疫活性的一类细胞。正常情况下小胶质细胞处于静息状态，对周围环境起免疫监视作用；组织发生病变时，小胶质细胞活化，参与免疫与炎症反应，一方面可对病变组织起保护与修复作用，另一方面也可加重组织的损伤。小胶质细胞活化是糖尿病视网膜病变的神经病理学特征之一，提示其在病变中发挥重要功能。本文就视网膜小胶质细胞的生物学特性、作用及其活化与糖尿病视网膜病变的关系作一综述。（国际眼科纵觉，2012，36：57—61）
Microglia in the retina are resident immunocompetent cells and originate from myeloid lineage. Resting microglia is sensitive in immune surveillance of surrounding circumstance in normal conditions. While in pathological conditions, microglia are activated and participate in immune and inflammatory reaction. Although activated mieroglia is involved in infection limitation and tissue repair through phagocytosis and cytokines release, they may also cause tissue damage when over-activated. Microglial activation has been recognized as a neuropathologieal hallmark in diabetic retinopathy, indicating their important role in the pathogenesis of this disease. This review summarizes biological characteristics and functions of retinal microglia and present knowledge about their activation in the diabetic retinopathy. （Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2012, 36 ： 57-61 ）
出处
《国际眼科纵览》
2012年第1期57-61,共5页
International Review of Ophthalmology
