尾矿库污染物传输过程的数值仿真研究及其经验

Research on the numerical simulation of the pollutant transferring of tailings and experiences

尾矿库中伴有各种复杂的理、化、生等效应下的污染物传递过程。分析了尾矿中污染物的传输机理和涉及的层流有限速率模型、涡耗散模型、涡耗散概念模型3种化学反应模型各自的特点。结合工程实际,应用FLUENT软件对比分析了三种模型下的尾矿污染过程,模拟结果显示:Laminar Finite-Rate模型的残差曲线迭代到160步开始收敛,Eddy-Dissipation模型的残差曲线迭代到300步后仍未稳定,EDC模型的残差曲线变化较平稳迭代到120步就趋于收敛。结果表明:涡耗散模型下污染物浓度变化规律更明显;计算效率上,涡耗散概念模型比层流有限速率模型模型低;层流有限速率模型和涡耗散概念模型比涡耗散模型的计算更加准确。

There is a variety of complex transfer process of pollutants in tailings,for example,physical reactions,chemical reactions and biological reactions,etc.Based on the analysis of transmission mechanism of pollutants in tailings,three relevant models of chemical reactions were introduced,including Laminar Finite-Rate model,Eddy-Dissipation model and EDC model.Combined with engineering practice,the three models under the tailings pollution process were analyzed with FLUENT software.Simulation results show that residual curve begin to converge till 160 iteration steps under Laminar Finite-Rate model,whilst more than 300 steps under Eddy-Dissipation model,and about 120 steps under EDC model.Finally,it can conclude that changes of the concentration of pollutants under Eddy-Dissipation model is the most obvious;computational efficiency of Eddy-Dissipation model is lower than Laminar Finite-Rate model;the results of Laminar Finite-Rate model and Eddy-Dissipation model are more accurate than EDC model.