有限性规定的凸显:理解康德哲学的一个视阈

Emphasis on Regulation of Finitude:A Perspective of Understanding Kant's Philosophy

西方哲学自古希腊始,始终将其奠基在存在的无限性规定基础上,由此产生了特有的至上的形而上学。在笛卡尔的第一原理设置中,理性在与世界的对峙中被赋予了至高无上的地位,对峙的相持意味着无限性规定的磨损或消解。休谟对因果联系的怀疑使得哲学本身必须面对一个不可避免的问题即哲学的无限性规定如何向有限性规定的迁移可能性。康德哲学是对近代哲学蕴涵着有限性的一种肯定性诠释。在康德哲学中,有限性规定有了划界性的凸显,在主体理性结构的建构中,可以管窥到康德哲学隐含的界限或者限度。理解康德哲学的性质既与康德哲学的有形理性构造有关,又与康德哲学的无形规定相关。有限性规定的凸显和无限性规定的隐退相互连结。有限性规定的凸显是理解康德哲学的一个视域。

From ancient Greece,western philosophy is based on regulation of infinitude of existence,which leads to the supreme metaphysics.In the setting up of the First Principle of Descartes,reason is given the supreme position in its conflict with the world,the lasting of which results in the abrasion and elimination of regulation of infinitude.Hume＇s doubt of cause and effect leads to the confrontation of philosophy with an inevitable question,that is,the possibility of the transfer of philosophy from the regulation of infinitude to that of finitude.Kant＇s philosophy is the positive interpretation of the finitude in Modern philosophy which shows the emphasis of the demarcation characteristics of regulation of finitude.In the construction of the rational structure of the subject,the limits and finitude of Kant＇s philosophy can be perceived.To understand the nature of Kant＇s philosophy,it can be found that it is connected with its tangible rational structure as well as the intangible regulation.The emphasis of regulation of finitude and the resignation of regulation of infinitude are connected.The emphasis of regulation of finitude provides a perspective to understand Kant＇s philosophy.