扩张皮瓣注水量与安全性的实验研究

Experimental research of the relationship between the safety of expanded flap and expansion volume

目的研究不同注水量的扩张皮瓣组织学变化与皮瓣存活率的关系。方法以中国小型猪为动物模型，实验分为5组：①标准注水组；②超量50％注水组；③超量100％注水组；④不扩张对照组；⑤正常皮肤对照组。每头猪分别在背部两侧共设计4个5cm×7cm埋植100ml圆柱形扩张器的手术区域和1个正常皮肤对照区域，测量不同注水量对皮肤和皮瓣存活率的影响，并应用SPSS13．0软件，行多因素方差分析。结果随着注水量的增加，皮瓣的存活率亦增加，但超量注水100％后，扩张皮瓣的存活率反而下降。结论在皮肤软组织扩张术中，适度的超量扩张能提高皮瓣的存活率，增加修复缺损的面积。但注水量超过100％时皮瓣的存活反而下降，影响修复的效果。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the survival rate of expanded flap and expansion volume. Methods The minipigs were used and divided into 5 groups according to different expansion volume of the tissue expanders： injection to full content, 50% over content, 100% over content, 0% content and normal control. In each animal, 4 expanders（ i00 ml） were designed to be implanted at the bilateral side of back. Normal skin control was also designed at the back. The skin histologic change and flap survival rate were detected and analyzed when the expansion volume changed. Results The flap survival rate increased along with the increase of expansion volume. While the survival rate decreased when the expansion volume was exceeded to 100% over content. Conclusions In soft tissue and skin expansion, the flap survival rate and the flap size increased as the expansion is over the standard volume, while over-expansion to 100% over content may cause decreased survival rate of expanded flap.