内蒙古牧区蒙汉两民族55岁以上人群轻度认知功能障碍的患病率调查

A prevalence study on mild cognitive impairment among the elderly populations of Mongolian and Han nationalities in a pastoral area of Inner Mongolia

目的了解内蒙古牧区蒙、汉族≥55岁人群轻度认知功能障碍（MCI）的患病情况及分布特点。方法根据美国精神病学会精神障碍诊断和统计手册第4版修订版（DSM-Ⅳ）中MCI的临床诊断标准，对牧区〉／55岁蒙、汉族人群进行MCI患病情况调查。结果蒙、汉族≥55岁人群MCI粗患病率为19．48％（1782／9146），标化患病率为18．98％；蒙、汉族MCI粗患病率分别为17．46％（标化患病率为16．99％）和20．60％（标化患病率为19．98％）。蒙、汉族人群MCI粗患病率与年龄具有明显的相关性，MCI粗患病率随年龄增长而明显增加，蒙古族从55～59岁的12．17％上升至85岁的27．78％，汉族从55～59岁的15．50％上升至85岁的23．53％。蒙古族人群MCI患病率与汉族人群比较差异有统计学意义（x2=13．229，P=O．000），汉族人群高于蒙古族人群。蒙古族女性与男性相比，MCI患病差异无统计学意义（X2=2．376，P=O．123）；汉族女性与男性相比，MCI患病差异有统计学意义，女性患病风险高于男性（x2=24．470，P=O．000）。结论内蒙古牧区蒙、汉族老年人群MCI患病率较高，不同年龄、不同性别人群MCI患病率存在差异。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and distribution of mild cognitive impairment （MCI） in elderly populations from Mongolian and Han nationalities living in the pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Methods According to the MCI clinical diagnostic criteria from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th revised edition （DSM-IV ） by American Psychiatric Association, the individuals under study were at the age of 55 or over, with Mongolian or Han ethnicities and living in the pastoral area of Inner Mongolia. Results The crude MCI morbidity rates of Mongolian and Han of the study populations in the pastoral area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China was 19.48% （1782/9146） and the standardization morbidity was 18.98%. The crude MCI morbidity rates of both Mongolian and Han ethnicities were 17.46% （the standardization morbidity was 16.99%） and 20.60% （the standardization morbidity was 19.98% ）, respectively. There showed a significant positive correlation between the crude morbidities and age, also significantly increasing with the latter. In the Mongolian population,the morbidity increased from 12.17% at the age 55-59 to 27.78% at 85 while in the Han population, the morbidity increased from 15.50% at the age 55-59 to 23.53% at 85. In both the populations of Mongolian and Han, there was a statistically difference found between the morbidities of MCI （x2=13.229, P=0.000）. The morbidity was higher in Hans than in the Mongolians. However, there was no statistically significant difference noticed between the morbidities of MCI in the Mongolian males and females （x2=2.376, P=0.123）. There was statistically significant difference found between the morbidities of MCI in the Han males and females, with females having higher risk than males （x2= 24.470, P=0.000）. Conclusion The morbidity of MCI in the elderly Mongolian and Han populations from the pastoral area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China was considered to be quite high and correlated to age and gender.