霍乱预防控制地理信息系统的设计与实现

Design and implementation of Geographical Information System on prevention and control of cholera

建立全国霍乱预防控制地理信息系统（GIS）数据库，实现对霍乱病例及霍乱菌株动态监测空间属性信息的管理分析和展示。将历史上报的腹泻和霍乱病例数据、监测点霍乱菌株分型数据、水产品霍乱菌株监测数据、环境水体监测数据、气候等栅格数据导入系统数据库。利用GIS强大的空间分析功能，进行不同省（市），不同地区（县市）霍乱发病率不同时间的展示，并进行空间分析和比较。通过整合GIS空间信息展示及部分空间分析功能，掌握霍乱流行趋势，季节分布特征，以及霍乱弧菌变异情况，提示热点区域及高发时段，并进行风险预测。输出结果可以编辑，并进行统一格式的统计输出。借助霍乱GIS防控系统可以进行霍乱时空传播风险预测与模拟，科学指导霍乱的防控。

To build the Geographical Information System （GIS） database for prevention and control of cholera programs as well as using management analysis and function demonstration to show the spatial attribute of cholera. Data from case reporting system regarding diarrhoea, vibrio cholerae, serotypes ofvibrio cholerae at the surveillance spots and seafoods, as well as surveillance data on ambient environment and climate were collected. All the data were imported to system database to show the incidence of vibrio cholerae in different provinces, regions and counties to supoport the spatial analysis through the spatial analysis of GIS. The epidemic trends of cholera, seasonal characteristies of the cholera and the variation of the vibrio cholerae with times were better understood. Information on hotspots, regions and time of epidemics was collected, and helpful in providing risk prediction on the incidence of vibrio cholerae. The exploitation of the software can predict and simulate the spatio-temporal risks, so as to provide guidance for the prevention and control of the disease.