从“主张”到“塑造”——试论提高中国在重塑国际秩序中的自信与自觉

From “Assertion" to “Shaping":On Improving China's Confidence and Consciousness in Reshaping International Order

在战后世界格局基础上形成的国际旧秩序以霸权主义、强权政治和自由贸易所掩盖的对发展中国家的剥削、掠夺、排斥为基本特征。中国在改革开放中深刻地感受到这种秩序的不合理性。在20世纪80年代,邓小平就提出了建立国际政治经济新秩序的问题。但是,无论在冷战时期还是后冷战的大部分时期内,中国还缺乏建构国际秩序的能力。随着中国实力的不断上升,特别是2008年金融危机以来,世界范围内权力转移的趋势加快,中国塑造、建构国际秩序的能力大幅度提升,国际体系亦正处于重大转折期。重塑国际秩序,推动国际秩序朝更加公平合理的方向发展,成为中国对外政策的重要内容。提高重塑国际秩序的自觉性和建构国际秩序的能力,已经成为中国对外政策中的重大课题。

The basic characteristics of old international order,which built up after World War II,are exploitation,oppression and rejection on developing countries,concealing by hegemonism,power politics and free trade.China deeply felt the old order＇s unfairness during process of its opening door and reforming.In1980s,Deng Xiaoping put forward the requirement of building up a new international political and economic order.However,no matter in Cold War period and the years just after the Cold War,China was still short of capabilities to construct a new international order.With the increase of China＇s national power,especially after the financial crisis in 2008,the power shift around the world is accelerating,as well as the capacities of China to reshape and construct international order.International system is in a period of change.China＇s foreign policy should aim at prompting the international order transforming to be more fair and reasonable.Improving China＇s consciousness and capabilities to reshaping international order has been the important task for China＇s foreign policy.