一体多元的族群关系论要——基于费孝通“中华民族多元一体格局”构想的再思考

An Outline of the Ethnical Relationship on Diversity under the Unity of Chinese People

费孝通于20世纪80年代提出"中华民族的多元一体格局"的理论构想,以此来作为理解中华民族内部族群关系的总体性引导。此后的研究者以诸多证据及论述阐发"从多元到一体"的历史进程,但对于在现代民族国家观念影响下之既定"一体"格局中社会内部多元分化发展的图景,特别是现实的分化与地方自治机制,并没有给予太多的关注。这种片面的关注维度隐含有一种历史主义的偏颇。如何在现实的"一体"的格局之下去理解和呈现"多元"发展以及多样性的社会与文化的存在及其演进过程,构成今天所提"一体多元"的核心要义。

Much more evidence and researches are provided to interpret Professor Fei Xiaotong＇s theory on the Diversity in the Unity and its historical developmental process from ＂diversity to unity＂.But it is less concerned about the landscape of social diversified process in China,especially the mechanism of practical diversification and local autonomy.This article tries to critic the bias of implied historism of diversity in unity,and provided as well an understanding about how the diversities are doing well under the existed unity.