明清山东博山四大望族与博山文化

Four Prominent Boshan Families and Boshan Culture in Shandong Province during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

山东博山是著名的鲁中古镇、琉璃之乡,明清时期人文荟萃、名家辈出。其中赵、孙、钱、蒋四姓,有"四大家族"之称。四姓之中,赵氏由科第起家,成为明清著名的文学世家,赵进美、赵执信等人对明末清初文坛产生了巨大影响;孙氏由琉璃世家转为文化世家,孙廷铨的《颜山杂记》是国内唯一一部涉及古代琉璃生产的专著;蒋、钱二姓则由工商业起家,号为博山首富。在博山陶琉业的传承与兴盛方面,孙氏、蒋氏的贡献首当其冲;蒋、钱二姓则多次联手举义,在地方文物、园林建筑的保存与重建方面功不可没。

Boshan is an ancient town in central Shandong.It is famous for its industry of ceramics and colored glaze.A large number of distinguished intellectuals appeared there in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Among them,the Zhao,Sun,Jiang and Qian families were known as ＂four prominent families＂.The Zhao family started from the imperial exams,and then became a well-known family of literati,Zhao Jinmei,Zhao Zhixin et al had made great contributions to the literature in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty.The Sun family shifted from the family of colored glaze to the family of culture,Notes about the Yanshan Mountain by Sun Tingquan is the only monograph in China related to the production of ancient glaze.The Jiang family and the Qian family made their fortune out of industry and commerce,and donated large sums to the protection and reconstruction of cultural relics,gardens and buildings,while the Sun family and the Jiang family contributed a lot to developing the industry of ceramics and glaze.