民国时期山东留日运动考释

An Investigation of the Movement of Shandong Students Studying in Japan during the Period of the Republic of China

在近代中国人赴日留学的大潮中,鲁籍留日生人数众多,清末时便成为仅次于直隶的江北第二留日大省。进入民国时期,赴日留学的人数仍稳居江北各省的次席。据现有的资料估算,民国时期山东约有1400人负笈东瀛。便利的海路交通、早期留日生的宣传鼓动、自身发展的需要与抗日救亡的驱动等,是促使山东学子在中日关系波澜丛生、风波迭起的背景下仍把日本作为留学首选国度的主要原因。鲁籍留日生除具有全国留日学生的一般特征外,也因山东特定的地理、政治、经济、文化、社会等因素,而呈现出一些独自的特点。

In the tidal current of Chinese students＇ going to Japan for further study in modern times,students from Shandong occupied a large proportion,and Shandong was the second largest province only after Zhili（current Hebei province） in the late Qing Dynasty.And it is the same in the period of the Republic of China.According to the extant data,there were about 1800 persons who went to Japan for further study in this period.Convenient traffic on the sea,propaganda and encouragement of earlier students in Japan,demand of self-development,aspiration of fighting Japanese Army back and salvation of China,were main reasons for students from Shandong who took Japan as their primary choice under the background of the unstable relationship between China and Japan.Besides the general characteristics of students from other provinces in Japan,they had their own distinct features in view of the specific factors of geography,politics,economy,culture and society in Shandong Province.