中学生重点传染病防治知识、行为和干预需求调查

Knowledge,behavior and intervention need for prevention of infectious disease among middle school students

目的了解山东省中学生重点传染病知识、行为和健康教育干预需求情况,为进一步有针对性干预提供建议。方法采用多阶段整群抽样法,对山东省2个县区1 200名中学生进行问卷调查。结果中学生流行性腮腺炎知晓率为70.2%,肺结核知晓率为74.6%,流行性感冒知晓率为76.1%;除流行性腮腺炎和流行性感冒传播途径知识2个问题,其他传染病防治知识知晓率初中生与高中生比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);除咳嗽/打喷嚏,怀疑得肺结核2个行为,初高中生在其他行为形成率方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在健康教育干预方式需求上,初中生和高中生均认为医生介绍、教师讲课、现场咨询、观看录像4种方式非常有效。结论高中生在传染病知晓率方面高于初中生,初中生在行为形成率方面要好于高中生。

Objective To investigate knowledge,behavior and intervention need for prevention of infectious disease in middle school students and to provide evidence for further behavior intervention.Methods Totally 1 200 middle school students were selected with multi-phase cluster sampling from two counties/districts in Shandong province and surveyed with a questionnaire designed by Chinese Center for Health Education.Results The knowledge rate of the students about tuberculosis,influenza,mumps was 74.6%,76.1%,and 70.2%,respectively.Except for two questions on the transmission route of mumps and influenza,the knowing rates of infectious disease between middle school students and high school students were different（P〈0.05）.Except for coughing and spitting,suspected symptoms of tuberculosis,the rates of other behavior formation among high school and middle school students were different（P〈0.05）.All the students considered that doctor presentation,teacher explaination,consultation,and watching video were very effective behavior intervetion methods.Conclusion The knowledge rate of high school students for infectious disease was higher than that of middle school students but the rate of behavior formation in high school students was lower than that of middle school students.