中东国家抗争政治的特点分析

On Characteristics of Contentious Politics in the Middle East

抗争政治提供了民主转型的一个视角。根据查尔斯·蒂利的抗争政治理论,2010年底以来中东国家政局动荡中,体制外有一定认同感的集体行动者为抗争主体;客体为政府及其决策者;抗争目的是表达追求自由、民主、民生等公共诉求;具有对抗性、偶然性和创新性特点;并以媒体等信息技术的间接劝说为主。虽然抗争政治对于改变人们的政治认同、培育积极的公民意识以及构建公民社会等方面,有一定的推动作用,但抗争政治与民主化并不具有必然的因果联系。受制于民主与权威之间的矛盾与斗争,中东国家要选择符合现实国情的民主道路可谓任重而道远。

The Contentious Politics provides a perspective of democratic transi- tion. Although the protest itself can not directly bring democratic transition, it has a positive impact on changing people＇ s political identity, cultivating their active citi- zenship and building the civil society. Relying on the basis of Charles Tilly＇ s theory, this article analyses the characteristics of the Middle Eastern protests from the aspects of subject, object, purpose, form and strategies since the end of the year 2010. It argues that democracy is inseparable from the protests, but there＇ s no causal link between them. To choose the democratic path in the Middle East is a long way be- cause of the conflicts between democracy and authority.