也谈中国道德的重建

Reconstruction of Morality in China

每个人的自利本性都是相同的 ,因而在人际关系中每个人的利益要求都是对等的。但人之自利应有一个界限 ,这就是不应损人之利 (包括剥夺他人逐利的机会 )。道德是行为主体不损人或在他人处于危难境况时予以救助的行为特性。政府在社会道德建设中最重要也最起码的是要求人们“不损人” ,表扬和提倡舍己为人的精神是一种更高的要求。法律和公共权力应打击严重的损人行为 ,成为维护道德的屏障。公共权力的“损人”示范必促使整个社会的道德状况恶化。专横权力的存在是社会道德沦丧的主要根源。在绝对权力体系中 。

By nature, everybody has the same self interest, so in human relations everybody has an equal claim to interest. Therefore a limit should be imposed upon self interest, i.e., nobody should harm the interest of other people, including depriving other people of the opportunity to pursue self interests. This is the minimum and the most important requirement in government morality reconstruction. ‘To sacrifice one's own interests for the sake of others’ should be limited to appropriate occasions only. Absolute power is the source of moral corruption.