小麦太谷核不育F_1轮选群体扬花期与株高的遗传控制

Genetic Control of Flowering Stage and Plant Height in F_1 Recurrent Selection Populations of Taigu Genic Male Sterile Wheat

用同一太谷核不育(Tal)小麦的不育株TaIS65(共同遗传背景)为母本,同时与纯合矮秆、杂合矮秆、纯合高秆、杂合高秆的父本杂交,配制成4种不同的组合类型。对4个杂交组合的F_1群体的扬花期和株高遗传分析表明:在Tal轮选群体中,开放授粉随机互交的轮选结果,只能使杂种后代朝着高秆、晚熟的变异方向发展,这是由于Tal材料自身的生物学特点造成的。要提高Tal轮选改良的育种效率,必须选择控制父本的花粉来源,并采取人工控制杂交措施,才能有效地克服由Tal材料自身的生物学特点带来的不利影响,实现各种有利基因型间充分的杂交重组。

Four different hybrid combinations were obtained through hybridization of Taigu genic male-sterile wheat(Tal) with four male parents.Genotype of the four male parents were homozygous dwarf,heterozygous dwarf,homozygous high stalk and heterozygous high stalk respectively.Flowering stage and plant height of the four F_1 hybrid populations were studied.The results showed that using open pollination and randomly intermating recurrent selection method,the genetic variation of hybrid progeny will be high stalk and late maturing which is caused by the biology characteristics of Tal materials.In order to improve the breeding efficiency of Tal recurrent selection populations,pollen source of the male parent must be selected,and controlled hybridization should be adopted.In this way,the disadvantages of Tal materials will be overcome and sufficient gene recombination among various genotypes will be achieved.