Genetic Effects and Heterosis in Plant Height and Internode Traits of Japonica-Indica Hybrid Rice

粳不籼恢亚种间杂交稻株高与节间性状的遗传效应与杂种优势分析(英文)

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the genetic effects and heterosis of plant height and internode traits of japonica-indica hybrid rice. [Methed] Incomplete diallel crosses were made between six japonica CMS lines and nine indica widecompatibility restorer lines; the genetic effects of plant height and internode traits of japonica-indica hybrid rice were analyzed using the additive-dominance genetic model. [Result] The ple, nt height, panicle length and the length of internode 1 of japonica-in- dica hybrid rice were mainly controlled by the additive effects; but the length of in- ternode 3, internode 4 and internode 5 were mainly controlled by dominance effects. Both the narrow sense heritability and broad sense heritability of plant height, panicle length, number of elongated internodes and length of most internodes reached signifi- cance level. The positive phenotypic correlation, genetic correlation, additive correla- tion and dominance correlation between plant height and panicle length, number of e- longated internodes and internode length were significant; and most of the other paired traits were significantly positively correlated. Heterosis analysis showed that the positive heterosis value over mid-parent and positive heterosis value over better- parent of the length of internode 3, internode 4, internode 5 and internode 6 reached significant level, and the heterosis value over mid-parent of plant height reached extreme significance level. [Conclusion] This study will provide reliable theoretical basis for the genetic improvement and heterosis utilization of plant height and internode traits in japonica-indica hybrid rice.

[目的]对粳不籼恢亚种间杂交稻株高与节间性状的遗传效应与杂种优势进行分析。[方法]以6个粳型不育系与9个偏籼型广亲和恢复系进行不完全双列杂交,采用加性-显性遗传模型及其统计分析方法,对粳不籼恢亚种间杂交稻的株高与节间性状进行遗传研究。[结果]粳不籼恢亚种间杂交稻的株高、穗长和节间1长性状主要受到加性效应的控制,而节间3长、节间4长和节间5长性状以显性效应为主。株高、穗长、伸长节间数和大多数节间长度性状的狭义遗传率和广义遗传率均达显著水平。株高与穗长、各节间长度和伸长节间数成对性状之间的表现型、基因型、加性和显性相关系数正值均达到显著水平,其余各成对性状之间大都表现为显著的正向相关。杂种优势分析表明,节间3长、节间4长、节间5长和节间6长性状的群体平均优势和群体超亲优势正值较大,均达极显著水平,株高性状的群体平均优势正值也达极显著水平。[结论]该研究为粳不籼恢亚种间杂交稻株高及节间性状的遗传改良和杂种优势利用提供了更可靠的理论依据。