留学生与中国近代工程事业的起步——以工程师的培养为中心

Returned Students and the Beginning of Modern Engineering in China: Centered on the Training of Modern Engineers

中国近代工程学来源于西方,其在中国的起步离不开归国留学生的努力。中国第一批近代工程师就产生于晚清留美幼童当中,他们接受了系统的西方工程学训练,回国后在铁路、矿冶、军事等各方面做出了巨大贡献,成为开创我国工程事业的功臣。之后,庚款留美生更是热衷于学习近代工程学,以利国家建设;留日、留欧学生中也培养了一批近代工程师。这些留学生成为促进我国近代工程事业起步的重要力量。

The development of modern engineering in China can't do without the effort of the returned students.The firstgeneration of Chinese modern engineers generated from the Chinese educational mission students in the late Qing Dynasty,whoreceived systematic training in Western engineering,made great contributions to railway,mining and other areas.There were also alarge number of modern engineers in China cultivated among the Gengzi-funded returned students,as well as students returned fromJapan and Europe which have been an important force in promoting modern engineering in China.