骨形态计量学观察何首乌对高脂大鼠骨骼的影响

The effects of polygonum muhiflorum on bone induced by high-fat emulsion in rats

目的用脂肪乳剂建立高脂血症骨丢失大鼠模型,通过骨形态计量学观察何首乌对大鼠胫骨和腰椎骨丢失的防治作用。方法选取3月龄SD大鼠30只,随机分为正常对照组(NS)、高脂乳剂组(HFE)、何首乌组(PM),每组10只。给药20周后处死大鼠,分离血清测胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c),并取胫骨上段、胫骨中段和第五腰椎,进行骨组织形态计量学参数检测。结果与正常对照组比较,高脂组大鼠TC升高和HDL-c下降(P<0.01),高脂大鼠胫骨上段松质骨的骨小梁面积百分数、骨小梁数量、成骨细胞贴壁长度百分率减少(P<0.05),而每毫米破骨细胞数、破骨细胞贴壁长度百分率均增加(P<0.01),反映骨形成及骨矿化的参数变化不明显;胫骨中段的皮质骨面积百分数减少(P<0.01),骨髓腔面积百分数增加(P<0.01),骨内外膜的形成和矿化均无明显变化;腰椎骨小梁面积百分数、骨小梁宽度减少(P<0.05),而骨小梁分离度增加(P<0.05),骨形成及骨吸收参数变化不明显。与高脂模型组相比,何首乌组大鼠TC水平下降和HDL-c升高(P<0.05),何首乌组的骨小梁面积百分数、骨小梁数量、成骨细胞贴壁长度百分率均增加(P<0.05),而骨小梁分离度、每毫米破骨细胞数、破骨细胞贴壁长度百分率均减少(P<0.01),反映骨形成及骨矿化的指标变化不明显;胫骨中段的皮质骨面积百分数增加(P<0.01),骨髓腔面积百分数减少(P<0.01),骨内外膜的形成和矿化均无明显变化;腰椎松质骨的骨小梁面积百分数、骨小梁宽度、骨小梁数量增加(P<0.05)、而骨小梁分离度减少(P<0.01)。结论长期高脂乳剂灌胃会导致大鼠骨量丢失,何首乌能有效对抗高脂大鼠胫骨上段、中段骨、第五腰椎的骨丢失。

【Objective】 To study the effect of polygonum muhiflorum（PM） on the longitudinal proximal tibial metaphyseal（PTM）,the fifth lumbar vertebral body（LVB） and tibial shaft（Tx） by using bone histomorphometry to establish a osteopenia rat model induced by high-fat emulsion（HFE）.【Methods】 Thirty 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley（SD） rats were randomly divided into NS group,HFE group,PM group.Rats were sacrificed after 14 weeks,Serum TC,TG,and HDL-c levels were measured,PTM,LVB and Tx sections were performed undecalcifiedly and used for bone histomorphometric analysis.【Results】 Compared with NS group,serum TC increased and HDL-c decreased significantly（P〈0.01） in HFE group,among the static parameters of PTM in HFE treated group,（%Tb.Ar）,（Tb.N） and（%Ob.S.Pm） were decreased,while（Tb.Sp）,（Oc.N/mm）,（%Oc.S.Pm） were increased.The parameters of TX showed that（%Ct.Ar） was decreased while（%Ma.Ar） increased.LVB,（%Tb.Ar） and（Tb.Th） were decreased,while（Tb.Sp） was increased.Compared with HFE treated group,serum TC was decreased and HDL-c increased significantly.PTM of polygonum muhiflorum treated rats,（%Tb.Ar）,（Tb.N） and（%Ob.S.Pm） were increased,while（Tb.Sp）,（%Oc.S.Pm） and（Oc.N/mm） were decreased.Tx,（%Ct.Ar） was increased,while（%Ma.Ar） was decreased.In LVB,（%Tb.Ar）,（Tb.Th） and（Tb.N） were increased,while（Tb.Sp） was decreased.【Conclusion】 Long-term high-fat diets can cause the loss of bone in rats,polygonum muhiflorum could prevent those changes through stimulating periosteal bone formation.