作为语法分析起点之一的数量性限制

On the Starting Point of Syntactic Analysis:Constraints of the Short-term Memory Span on Linguistic Constructions

句法分析的初始起点应该是最简单和最普遍的句法现象。解码(听话和阅读)时的"同步组块"因短时记忆限制所表现出的数量限制符合这一条件,可以作为句法分析的初始出发点。这一数量限制已经语法化为人类语法机制的一部分。由这一数量限制可推导出"核心"这一现代语言学最重要的基本概念。反映这种限制的轨层结构反映了语义关系的空间认知,其中没有表层结构必有的时间先后因素,也是最简单的结构形式。根据解码过程的数量限制,可以推导出许多句法的基本规则。文章也谈及了语言结构的其他一些数量上的限制。

On-line chunking is the most basic and universal phenomenon in language pro- cessing. It can therefore serve as the starting point of syntactic analysis. The process is restricted by the short-term memory decoding. It therefore can be taken as part of span （7 ＋ 2） during the entire language device, instead of just chunking process of a perform-ance factor. To segment a linguistic construction into fewer than 7 components, a fixed head is necessary. The construction is composed of these 7 components and the head is an orbit-layered one,which represents the conceptual space of a semantic relation. Since it does not contain temporal precedence,it is a construction simpler than a surface structure with temporal precedence. Thus,it is can be taken as the starting point or the axiom of syntactic analysis.