“好了”的语法化和主观化

The Grammaticalization and Subjectivisation of "Haole"

"好了"连用频率很高,一般充当谓语,随着历史的发展逐渐衍生出其他的功能,如充当补语、作语气词、作话语标记、衔接语篇等,各种功能之间存在着复杂的关系。通过考察,我们认为充当补语的"好了2"来源于充当谓语的"好了1",然后又发展为作话语标记的"好了4","好了4"的形成同时还受到"好了1"和"好了5"的影响;"好了3"和"好了5"都是从"好了1"演变而来。"好了"的语法化过程和"好了"主观意义的演变相辅相成,因此"好了"的语法化过程同时又是主观化的过程。

＂Haole＂ is often used as predicate in sentence,but it also has other functional meanings,for example,used as complement,modal particle,discourse marker and so on. There exists complex evolving relationship between its functional meanings. By studying, we con- clude ： a. ＂haole2” is evolved from ＂lutole1＂ ; b. ＂haole4” is evolved from ＂haole2＂ and the evolution is affected by ＂haole1＂ and ＂haoles＂ ;c. ＂haole3＂ and ＂haoles＂ are both evolved from ＂haole1＂.The grammaticalization of ＂haole＂ is always accompanied with the subjectivisation of ＂haole＂,therefore the grammaticalization of ＂haole＂ is also the subjec- tivisation of ＂haole＂.