胡适白话文学理论检讨

Criticism On Hu Shih’s Vernacular Literature Theory

胡适的白话文学理论对于中国新文学运动乃至整个中国新文化运动的影响和作用是巨大的 ,但胡适本人并没有从理论上认识到他所提倡的白话与文学革命以及整个文化思想革命之间的深刻关系。胡适的语言本质观基本上是工具论 ,因为这种工具论 ,他并没有把当时他所提倡的白话和传统的白话从本质上区别开来。语言即思想 ,语言革命即思想革命。五四时期胡适等人提倡的白话即后来的“国语”是一种新的语言系统 ,一种口语、欧化词汇和部分古汉语词汇的混合物 ,一种具有强烈西方思想和思维特征的话语方式。胡适关于文言白话的基本观点并没有从根本上解释五四新文学运动和新文化运动。

With the Vernacular Literature theory's tremendous impacts and effects on Chinese New Literature Movement and the whole Chinese New Culture Movement,however, Hu shih didn't realize theoretically how deeply the Vernacular and literature revolution correlated with the whole Culture Revolution. He failed to distinguish the vernacular he advocated from the traditional vernacular. Language and thoughts should be one thing, therefore revolution of language is revolution of thoughts. The Vernacular later as “National language” advocated by Hu Shih during the May 4th Period is a new language system as well as a new discourse form, bending the oral, the Europeanized and some Ancient Chinese words. Hu Shih's argument on the Classical literary Language and the Vernacular Language couldn't explain thoroughly the May 4th New Literature Movement and the New Culture Movement.