论外国刑法中的原因自由行为

“Actio Libera in Cause”under Foreign Criminal Law

原因自由行为是指故意或过失使自己置于无责任能力状态 ,然后在无责任能力状态下导致构成要件的实现。原因自由行为是否具有可罚性 ?学者们依据不同的理论根据提出了不同的观点 ,但无论哪种学说似乎都有其缺点。目前大陆法系国家一般都承认其可罚性 ,但具体采取的立法例却有不同。尽管有上述国家的立法 ,但原因自由行为诸多理论上的问题仍未解决 ,如处罚对象、主体范围、罪过形式等。我国现行刑法未规定原因自由行为 ,但从法感情以及法秩序来说 ,应当对此种情形作出规定 ,以切实贯彻罪刑法定原则 。

Actio libera in cause”means a state,caused by the behavior himself with intent or by negligence,in which he without legal competence has committed an act that satisfies the constitution of crime.Whether “actio libera in cause”is punishable,scholars pursuant to different theories have put forward different positions.However,none of the heories seems to be perfect,obvious are their defects in the aspects of object of punishment,scope of the subject,and the form of guilty intntion,etc.At present,it is stipulated generally in most civil law countries that it is punishable as a crime,but the respective legislation of those countries on the subject is not identical to each other.The criminal law of our country does not provide for the subject,but,in a sense of preserving the legal feelings and maintaining legal orders,provisions with respect to such subject should be made so as to avoid the conflict with the principle of “No Law,No Crime”.As to the theoretical disputes,they can be left alone without attention.[WT5”HZ]