村庄派性与派系:两种组织形态及其形成机制

Factionalism and Faction in Chinese Village:Two Styles of Organization and Their Formation Mechanism

派性与派系是在农村选举中日益凸显的有组织的派别竞争现象。一些学者从强调派性和派系概念的不同入手,得出了大陆农村只有派性而无派系的结论,然而,越来越多的实地调查却提供了派系存在的证明。事实上,派性和派系确实并存于大陆乡村,它们构成了村庄派别的两种基本组织形态,它们的不同源于其背后两种不同的形成机制,一种是"单一精英发动型"机制,另一种是"多精英联合型"机制。

Factionalism and faction are phenomena that emerge gradually in the rural election.Some researchers have a conclusion that there is only factionalism existing in the rural election of China's Mainland.They emphasize the difference between the concepts of factionalism and faction.However,there are more and more firsthand evidences of the existence of faction in the rural election of China's Mainland.Actually,factionalism and faction both exist in the rural election of China's Mainland,and they constitute the two basic styles of organization of the village＇s factional activities.The difference between factionalism and faction is caused by their differential formation mechanism： one is called ＂mobilize by single elite＂,and the other is ＂alliance of several elites＂.