魏晋南北朝论辩型论体文之分类及特点

Classifications and Features of Debate-typed Argumentative Writing of the Wei,Chin and the South and North Dynasties

魏晋南北朝论辩风气的盛行促进了论辩型论体文的发达。此类论体文按其结构大致可分两类,一类是书牍体论辩文,一类是论难体论辩文。前者采用书信的格式,针对某个特定的问题进行辩论,在双方或多方中进行,具有灵活性、针对性与冲突性。后者则论与难相辅相成,既有一对一的驳辩,两人针对同一主题,往返辩论,又有多对一的驳辩,一论既出,数篇竞驳。论难体论体文具有冲突激烈、注重过程、论难双方水平相当的特点。

The prevailing debate fashion of the Wei,Chin and the South and North Dynasties promoted flourishing of the debate-typed argumentative writing which can be divided into two kinds according to its structure： letter-typed and debate-typed.The former adopts the letter format,making debated over certain question between two or more parties with the features of flexibility,pertinence and conflict and the latter focuses on the one-to-one debate,two people debate over the same topic or more-to-one debate,with the features of intense conflict,process focus and equal level.