上海市杨浦区1980～1998年居民心脑血管疾病死亡动态分析

Cardio-cerebralvascular disease death rate analysis in Yangpu district of Shanghui from 1980 to 1998

目的 为确定疾病防治的策略和重点、进一步做好慢性病预防与控制工作提供参考。方法 死因分类按国际疾病分类法 (ICD- 9)标准分类 ,统计分析采用 SPSS for windows。结果 18年来 ,杨浦区居民总死亡率和心脑血管病死亡率均呈上升趋势。人口总死亡率已从 1980年的 6 .2 3‰增加到 1998年的 7.5 4‰ ;同期 ,心脑血管病死亡率也从0 .84/ 10万和 1.33/ 10万上升到 0 .96 / 10万和 2 .37/ 10万 ;且随年龄增长呈几何级数增高 ;心脑血管病已成为居民死因的首位 ,占全死因的 31.4%～ 37.1% ;但男女心脑血管病标化死亡率则呈现减少的趋势 ,且女性高于男性 ,有较明显的季节变动 ,高峰在冬春季。结论 杨浦区居民的心脑血管病死亡率还将因人口的快速老龄化和高龄化而进一步增高。因此 ,提出策略性建议 1以健康促进手段控制与减少心脑血管疾病的发病与死亡 ;2加强心脑血管病发病与死亡危险因素的监测与评价 ,建立与健全信息系统 ;3以社区卫生服务网络为依托开展心脑血管病综合防治。

Objective To determine strategy and point of disease prevention and to provide reference for chronic disease prevention and control. Methods The classification of the causes of diseases were according to International Classification of Diseases(ICD-9), and the statistical package of SPSS for Windows were used.Results The total death rate and cardio\|cerebralvascular disease death rate have showed an increase from 6.23‰ in 1980 to 7.54‰ in 1998. At the same time,the cardiovascular disease death rate increases from 0.84 per hundred thousand to 0.96 per hundred thousand; the cerebralvascular disease death rate from 1.33 per hundred thousand to 2.37 per hundred thousand. The cardio\|cerebralvascular disease death rate grew exponentially with age increasing. But standard death rate of cardio\|cerebralvascular disease decreased,with that in female higher than that in male .The cardio\|cerebralvascular disease death rate was the top of resident death rate with 31.4~37.1% in total. It obviously varied with seasons and it was highest in winter and sping. Conclusions The cardio\|cerebralvascular disease death rate will be increasing with rapid aging of population in Yangpu district,so we put forward the following strategies. (1)Health promotion should be used to control and reduce cardio\|cerebralvascular disease incidence rate and death rate; ②The cardio\|cerebralvascular disease incidence and death hazards should be monitored and assessed. An information system should be set up.③ Develop systemic prevention and treatment of cardio\|cerebralvascular disease based on community intervention.